Food‐borne polyphenols: A biocompatible anchor recuperating iron homeostasis

Polyphenols and glucose homeostasis in humans.

T HE GLOBAL PANDEMIC OF TYPE 2 DIABETES mellitus places an incalculable burden on health care systems. In the United States alone, it is estimated that 52% of the population will have diabetes or prediabetes by 2020, conditions that already cost that country $194 billion a year in health care spending. Amelioration of type 2 diabetes mellitus risk usually targets lifestyle and diet, primarily w...

Recuperating First Amendment Doctrine

Orchestration of iron homeostasis.

Systemic iron homeostasis.

The iron hormone hepcidin and its receptor and cellular iron exporter ferroportin control the major fluxes of iron into blood plasma: intestinal iron absorption, the delivery of recycled iron from macrophages, and the release of stored iron from hepatocytes. Because iron losses are comparatively very small, iron absorption and its regulation by hepcidin and ferroportin determine total body iron...

Iron homeostasis and nutritional iron deficiency.

Nonheme food ferritin (FTN) iron minerals, nonheme iron complexes, and heme iron contribute to the balance between food iron absorption and body iron homeostasis. Iron absorption depends on membrane transporter proteins DMT1, PCP/HCP1, ferroportin (FPN), TRF2, and matriptase 2. Mutations in DMT1 and matriptase-2 cause iron deficiency; mutations in FPN, HFE, and TRF2 cause iron excess. Intracell...